The Canadian Security Intelligence Service (CSIS) has officially acknowledged that a small group of Khalistani extremists based in Canada continue to promote, finance, and plan violence, primarily targeting India. In its annual report to Parliament, CSIS categorised these actions under Politically Motivated Violent Extremism (PMVE), a term it uses to describe violence aimed at creating or transforming political systems. The agency noted that while these extremists form a small section, their actions represent a continued threat to both Canadian national security and international stability.

According to the report, PMVE in Canada has, since the 1980s, largely manifested through Canada-based Khalistani extremists (CBKEs) seeking to establish an independent Khalistan in India's Punjab region. While no CBKE-linked attacks were reported on Canadian soil in 2024, CSIS cautioned that the threat remains active. “Ongoing involvement in violent activities by CBKEs continues to pose a national security threat to Canada and Canadian interests,” the agency said, highlighting its continued efforts to monitor these threats and support terrorist designation processes.

The CSIS report also addressed other global security concerns. It confirmed the October 2024 listing of Samidoun, a Palestinian prisoner support group, as a terrorist entity. Additionally, in December 2024, Canada designated Yemen-based Ansarallah (Houthis) as a terrorist group due to their attacks on maritime vessels in the Red Sea and close links with IRGC-Qods Force and Hezbollah. The inclusion of CBKE activity in the report adds weight to India’s longstanding concerns about extremist groups operating from Canadian territory, amid strained diplomatic ties between the two countries over such issues.