Article 14 – Right to Equality

It states that everyone is equal before the law. No one can be discriminated against on the basis of religion, caste, gender, or place of birth.

Article 19 – Freedom of Expression

It grants the freedom to speak, express opinions, assemble peacefully, form associations, and move freely across the country, subject to certain reasonable restrictions.

Article 21 – Right to Life and Personal Liberty

It guarantees the right to life and personal liberty. This includes the right to a clean environment, education, food, and privacy.

Article 32 – Right to Constitutional Remedies

Known as the “heart and soul” of the Constitution, it allows citizens to directly approach the Supreme Court if their fundamental rights are violated.

Article 44 – Uniform Civil Code

It advocates for common laws for all religions and communities, thereby promoting social equality.

Article 72 – Pardoning Power of the President

The President has the power to pardon, reduce, or suspend any punishment, including the death penalty.

Article 51A – Fundamental Duties

It lists 11 fundamental duties of citizens, such as respecting the Constitution, promoting national unity, and protecting the environment.

Article 25 – Freedom of Religion

It grants every citizen the right to practice, profess, and propagate the religion of their choice.

Article 30A – Right to Property

It ensures that no person can be deprived of their property except by lawful authority.

Article 368 – Amendment of the Constitution

It empowers Parliament to add, modify, or repeal provisions in the Constitution through amendments.